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 1430 - 1506 (76 years)
Generation: 1
Generation: 2
| 6. | Leonor Of PORTUGAL  (1.Beatrice1) was born on 02 May 1458; died on 17 Nov 1525; was buried in Lisbon. Notes:
Wikipedia Encyclopedia:
Leonor of Viseu (1458-1525), was a Princess and later Queen of Portugal. She married Prince Joao (John) in 1473. Joao later became King Joao II of Portugal. She founded what became the city of Caldas da Rainha, which is named in her honor, rainha meaning "queen" in Portuguese.
Leonor married John IIJoao II The Perfect King Of PORTUGAL on 18 Jan 1471 in Setubal. John (son of Alfonso V King Of PORTUGAL and Isabel Of COIMBRA) was born on 03 Mar 1455 in Lisbon, Portugal; died on 25 Oct 1495 in "Not without suspicion of poison"; was buried in Batalha. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
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| 9. | Joao III Duke Of VIZEU (1.Beatrice1) was born in 1448; died in 1472. Other Events and Attributes:
- Fact: 2nd Duke of Beja
- Fact: 6th General of the Kingdom
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| 10. | Manuel I King Of PORTUGAL (1.Beatrice1) was born between 31 May and 01 Jun 1469 in Alconchette; died on 13 Dec 1521 in Belem. Other Events and Attributes:
- Residence: Between 1495 and 1521, King of Portugal
Notes:
Manuel I, King of Portugal KG KGF (pron. IPA [m?nu'??]); Archaic Portuguese: Manoel I, English: Emanuel I), the Fortunate (Port. o Venturoso), 14th king of Portugal and Algarves (Alcochete, May 31, 1469 ? December 13, 1521 in Lisbon) was the son of Infante Fernando, Duke of Viseu , by his wife, Beatrice of Aveiro, princess of Portugal. His mother was the granddaughter of King John I of Portugal; his father was the second surviving son of King Duarte of Portugal. Manuel succeeded his first cousin John II of Portugal who was also his brother-in-law in 1495.
Manuel grew up among the conspiracies of the aristocratic high nobility against king John II. He watched many people being killed and exiled. His older brother Diego, the duke of Viseu, was murdered by the king himself. Thus, when receiving a royal order in 1493 to present himself to the king, Manuel had every reason to worry. Without reason: John II wanted to name him heir to the throne, after the death of his son, prince Afonso of Portugal, and the failed attempts to legitimise George, Duke of Coimbra, his illegitimate son. As a result of this stroke of luck he was nicknamed the Fortunate.
Manuel would prove a worthy successor to John II, supporting the Portuguese exploration of the Atlantic Ocean and the development of Portuguese commerce. During his reign, the following was achieved:
1498 ? Vasco da Gama discovers the maritime route to India
1500 ? Pedro ”lvares Cabral discovers Brazil
1505 ? Francisco de Almeida becomes the first viceroy of India
1503-1515 ? Afonso de Albuquerque, an admiral, secures the monopoly of the Indian ocean and Persian Gulf maritime routes for Portugal
All these events made Portugal rich on foreign trade whilst formally establishing its empire. Manuel used the wealth to build a number of royal buildings (in the Manueline style) and to attract scientists and artists to his court. Commercial treaties and diplomatic alliances were forged with China and the Persian Empire. The Pope received a monumental embassy from Portugal during his reign, designed to be a show of the newly acquired riches to all Europe.
Coat of Arms of Manuel I, according to the Livro do Armeiro-Mor c. 1509In Manuel's reign, royal absolutism was the method of government. The cortes (parliament of the kingdom) only met three times during his reign, always in Lisbon, the king's seat. He reformed the courts of justice and the municipal charters with the crown, modernizing taxes and the concepts of tributes and rights.
Manuel was a very religious man and invested a large amount of Portuguese income to sponsor missionaries in their journeys to the new colonies, such as Francisco Alvarez, and the construction of religious buildings, such as the Monastery of JerŪnimos. Manuel also endeavoured to promote another crusade, against the Turks. His relationship with the Jews started out well. At the outset of his reign, he released all the Jews who had been made captive during the reign of Joo II. Unfortunately for the Jews, he decided that he wanted to marry princess Isabella of Aragon, then heiress of the future united crown of Spain (widow of his nephew Afonso of Portugal). Ferdinand and Isabel had expelled the Jews in 1492, and would never marry their daughter to the king of a country that still tolerated their presence. In December 1496, it was decreed that any Jew who did not convert to Christianity would be expelled from the country. However, those expelled could only leave the country in ships specified by the king. When those who chose expulsion arrived at the port in Lisbon, they were met by clerics and soldiers who used force, coercion, and promises in order to baptize them and prevent them from leaving the country. This period of time technically ended the presence of Jews in Portugal. Afterwards, all converted Jews and their descendants would be referred to as "New Christians", and they were given a grace period of thirty years in which no inquiries into their faith would be allowed; this was later to extended to end in 1534. A popular riot in 1504 would end in the death of two thousand Jews; the leaders of this riot were executed by Manuel.
Isabella died in childbirth in 1498, putting a damper on Portuguese ambitions to rule in Spain, which various rulers had had since the reign of Fernando I (1367-1383). Manuel and Isabella's young son Miguel was for a period the heir apparent of Castile and Aragon, but his death in 1500 ended these ambitions. Manuel's next wife, Maria of Aragon, was also a Spanish princess, but not the oldest. This was Joanna of Castile, known as Joanna the Mad.
The Monastery of JerŪnimos in Lisbon houses Manuel's tomb. His son Joo succeeded him as king.
Manuel married Isabella of Asturias Isabel Of ARAGON in 1497. Isabel (daughter of Ferdinand V of Castile Ferdinand II King Of ARAGON and Isabella I Queen Of Castile And LEON) was born on 02 Oct 1470; died between 24 and 25 Aug 1498 in Saragossa; was buried in Saragossa or Toledo. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Manuel married Leonor Of CASTILE on 16 Jul 1518. Leonor (daughter of Philip I The Handsome King Of CASTILE and Juana Queen Of CASTILE) was born on 24 Nov 1498 in Brussels; died on 18 Feb 1558 in Talavera. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Manuel married Maria Of ARAGON on 30 Oct 1500 in Alcazar De Sol. Maria (daughter of Ferdinand V of Castile Ferdinand II King Of ARAGON and Isabella I Queen Of Castile And LEON) was born on 29 Jun 1482; died on 07 Mar 1517. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
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Generation: 3
| 20. | Louis Duke Of BEJA (10.Manuel2, 1.Beatrice1) was born on 03 Mar 1506 in Portugal; died on 27 Nov 1555. Notes:
Wikipedia Encyclopedia:
Unmarried but had illegitimate descendants, one of them being Anthony, Prior of Crato, a claimant of the throne of Portugal in 1580.
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| 24. | Alfonso Of PORTUGAL (10.Manuel2, 1.Beatrice1) was born on 23 Apr 1509 in Portugal; died on 21 Apr 1540. Other Events and Attributes:
- Fact: Cardinal of the Kingdom
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| 26. | Henry Of PORTUGAL (10.Manuel2, 1.Beatrice1) was born on 31 Jan 1512 in Portugal; died on 31 Jan 1580. Notes:
Wikipedia Encyclopedia:
Cardinal of the Kingdom who succeeded his grandnephew King Sebastian (Manuel's great-grandson) as 17th King of Portugal. His death triggered the struggle for the throne of Portugal.
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Generation: 4
| 33. | Manuel Prince Of PORTUGAL (21.John3, 10.Manuel2, 1.Beatrice1) was born on 01 Nov 1531; died on 14 Apr 1537. Other Events and Attributes:
- Fact: Between 1531 and 1537, Crown Prince of Portugal
- Fact: 1535, Declared heir
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| 34. | Philip Prince Of PORTUGAL (21.John3, 10.Manuel2, 1.Beatrice1) was born on 25 Mar 1533; died on 29 Apr 1539. Other Events and Attributes:
- Fact: Between 1537 and 1539, Crown Prince of Portugal
- Fact: 1537, Declared heir
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| 39. | Philip II Of SPAIN (27.Isabella3, 10.Manuel2, 1.Beatrice1) was born on 21 May 1527 in Palacio de Pimentel, Valladolid, Spain; died on 13 Sep 1598 in El Escorial, Spain. Notes:
Name:
Philip II of Spain, called the Prudent' (el Prudenta), was King of Spain (1556-98), King of Portugal (1581-98, as Philip I), King of Naples and Sicily (both from 1554), and 'jure usoris Kingof England and Ireland (during his marriage to Queen Mary I from 1554-58). He was also Duke of Milan. From 1555 he was lord of the Seventeen Provinces of the Netherlands.
Known in Spain as "Felipe el Prudente" ('"Philip the Prudent'"), his empire included territories on every continent then known to Europeans, including his namesake the Philippines. During his reign, Spain reached the height of its influence and power. This is sometimes called the Golden Age. The expression "the empire on which the sun never sets" was coined during Philip's time to reflect the extent of his dominion.
During Philip's reign there were separate state bankruptcies in 1557, 1560, 1569, 1575, and 1596. This was partly the cause of the declaration of independence that created the Dutch Republic in 1581. A devout Catholic, Philip is also known for organising a naval expedition against Protestant England in 1588, the Spanish Armada, which was unsuccessful, mostly due to storms and serious logistical problems.
Philip was described by the Venetian ambassador Paolo Fagolo in 1563 as "slight of stature and round-faced, with pale blue eyes, somewhat prominent lip, and pink skin, but his overall appearance is very attractive". The Ambassador went on to say "He dresses very tastefully, and everything that he does is courteous and gracious."[4]
Philip married Maria Princess Of PORTUGAL in 1543. Maria (daughter of John III King Of PORTUGAL and Catharina Of SPAIN) was born on 15 Oct 1527; died on 12 Aug 1545. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Philip married Mary I Queen Of ENGLAND on 25 Jul 1554 in Winchester Cathedral. Mary (daughter of Henry VIII King Of ENGLAND and Catherine Of ARAGON) was born on 18 Feb 1516 in Greenwich Palace; died on 17 Nov 1558 in St. Jame's Palace, London. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Philip married Elizabeth Of VALOIS in 1559. Elizabeth (daughter of Henry II King Of FRANCE and Caterina DE'MEDICI) was born on 02 Apr 1545; died on 03 Oct 1568. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Philip married Anna Of AUSTRIA in 1570. Anna (daughter of Maximilian II Holy Roman EMPEROR and Maria Of SPAIN) was born on 01 Nov 1549; died on 26 Oct 1580. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
Children:
- 44. Philip III Of SPAIN was born on 14 Apr 1578 in Madrid, Spain; died on 31 Mar 1621 in Madrid, Spain.
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