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John I King Of PORTUGAL

Male 1358 - 1433  (75 years)


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Generation: 1

  1. 1.  John I King Of PORTUGAL was born on 11 Apr 1358; died on 14 Aug 1433 in Lisbon; was buried in Batalha.

    Notes:

    Wikipedia Encyclopedia:
    Jo„o I, King of Portugal KG (pron. IPA /?u'?~u/), in English, John I (the Good or sometimes, the Great or even the One of Good Memory) (Lisbon, April 11, 1357 ? August 14, 1433 in Lisbon) was the 10th king of Portugal and Algarve and the first to use the title Lord of Ceuta. He was the natural son of Pedro I by a noble Galician lady called Teresa LourenÁo. In 1364 he was created grand-master of the Order of Aviz. He became king of Portugal and Algarve in 1385, after the 1383?1385 Crisis.

    On the death of his lawful brother Fernando in October 1383, without a male heir, strenuous efforts were made to secure the succession for princess Beatrice, his only daughter. As heiress-apparent Beatrice had been married to king John I of Castile, but the popular voice declared against an arrangement by which Portugal would virtually have become united with Castile. The 1383?1385 Crisis followed as a period of political anarchy, when no king ruled the country.

    On April 6, 1385, the council of the kingdom (cortes in Portuguese) met in Coimbra and declared Jo„o, then Master of Aviz, king of Portugal. This was in effect a declaration of war against Castile and its claims to the Portuguese throne. Soon after, the king of Castile invaded Portugal, with the purpose of conquering Lisbon and removing Jo„o I from the throne. Juan I was accompanied by French allied cavalry as English troops and generals took the side of Jo„o (see Hundred years war). Jo„o I then named Nuno Alvares Pereira, his loyal and talented supporter, general and protector of the Kingdom. The invasion was repelled during the Summer after the Battle of Atoleiros, but especially after the decisive battle of Aljubarrota (August 14, 1385), where the Castilian army was virtually annihilated. Juan I of Castile then retreated and the stability of Jo„o I's throne was permanently secured.

    A statue of John in the PraÁa da Figueira, LisbonIn 1387, Jo„o I married Philippa of Lancaster, daughter of John of Gaunt who had proved to be a worthy ally, consolidating the union of the Anglo-Portuguese Alliance that endures to the present day.

    After the death of Juan of Castile in 1390, without leaving issue by Beatrice, Jo„o I ruled in peace and pursued the economic development of the country. The only significant military action was the siege and conquest of the city of Ceuta in 1415. By this step he aimed to control navigation of the African coast. But in longer perspective, this was the first step opening the arabian world to medieval Europe, which in fact led to the age of sailing across whole world.

    Contemporaneous writers describe him as a man of wit, very keen on concentrating the power on himself, but at the same time with a benevolent and kind personality. His youth education as master of a religious order made him an unusually learned king in the Middle Ages. His love for knowledge and culture was passed to his sons: Duarte, the future king, was a poet and a writer, Pedro, the duke of Coimbra, was one of the most learned princes of his time and Prince Henry the Navigator, the duke of Viseu, started a school of navigation and invested heavily in science and development of nautical topics. In 1430, his only surviving daughter, Isabella, married Philip III, Duke of Burgundy and enjoyed an extremely refined court in his lands; she was the mother of Charles the Bold.

    John married Philippa Of LANCASTER between 02 and 11 Feb 1387 in Oporto. Philippa (daughter of John Of GAUNT and Blanche Of LANCASTER) was born on 31 Mar 1360 in Leicester; died on 19 Jul 1415 in Odivelas, near Lisbon; was buried in Batalha. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 2. John Of PORTUGAL  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 13 Jan 1400 in Santarem; died on 18 Oct 1442 in Alcacer do Sal.
    2. 3. Branco Of PORTUGAL  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1388; died in 1389.
    3. 4. Ferdinand Of PORTUGAL  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1402; died in 1443 in A hostage in Tangiers.
    4. 5. Alfonso Of PORTUGAL  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1390; died in 1400.
    5. 6. Edward of Portugal Duarte I King Of PORTUGAL  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 31 Oct 1391; died on 18 Sep 1438; was buried in Alcobaca.
    6. 7. Isabel Of PORTUGAL  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1397; died on 17 Dec 1472.
    7. 8. Pedro Duke Of COIMBRA  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1392; died in 1449.
    8. 9. Prince Henry The NAVIGATOR  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1394; died in 1460.

    Family/Spouse: Inez PEREZ. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 10. Beatrice Of PORTUGAL  Descendancy chart to this point


Generation: 2

  1. 2.  John Of PORTUGAL Descendancy chart to this point (1.John1) was born on 13 Jan 1400 in Santarem; died on 18 Oct 1442 in Alcacer do Sal.

    Other Events and Attributes:

    • Residence: Grand Master of the Order of St. James
    • Residence: Constable of Portugal

    Notes:

    John of Portugal (Portuguese: Jo„o, pron. IPA [?u'?~u]) (SantarÈm, January 13, 1400 ? October 18, 1442, Alc·cer do Sal) was a Prince of Portugal of the House of Aviz, son of King John I of Portugal and his wife Philippa of Lancaster. He was General of the Kingdom, after the death of Nuno ¡lvares Pereira. He was also Lord of Reguengos, Colares and Belas. In 1424, John married his niece Isabella of Braganza, daughter of his half-brother Afonso, Duke of Braganza.

    During the reign of his brother Edward, John joined his brother Pedro, Duke of Coimbra against the expedition to Tangier that would end in a disaster. After the disaster he defended that the recently conquered Ceuta should be offered in exchange for his brother Ferdinand, the Saint Prince, that was captive in Tangier, something that was against Ferdinand's wishes.

    In the beginning of his nephew Afonso V's reign, the regency of the kingdom was delegated on Queen Mother Leonor of Aragon (his sister-in-law). This decision in the will of late King Edward was controversial and soon popular discontent grew. It was John who installed himself in the capital Lisbon and avoided a rebellion. After that he refused the proposals for an alliance with Leonor of Aragon and his half-brother Afonso, Duke of Braganza, and defended the summoning of the Cortes to name Pedro, Duke of Coimbra the new regent.

    Family/Spouse: Isabel Of PORTUGAL. Isabel died in 1445. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 11. James Of PORTUGAL  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1423; died in 1443.
    2. 12. Isabel Of PORTUGAL  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1430; died on 15 Aug 1496 in Averalo; was buried in Miraflores, near Burgos.
    3. 13. Philippa Of PORTUGAL  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1432; died about 1450.
    4. 14. Beatrice Of PORTUGAL  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1430; died in 1506.

  2. 3.  Branco Of PORTUGAL Descendancy chart to this point (1.John1) was born in 1388; died in 1389.

  3. 4.  Ferdinand Of PORTUGAL Descendancy chart to this point (1.John1) was born in 1402; died in 1443 in A hostage in Tangiers.

    Other Events and Attributes:

    • Residence: Grand Master of Avis


  4. 5.  Alfonso Of PORTUGAL Descendancy chart to this point (1.John1) was born in 1390; died in 1400.

  5. 6.  Edward of Portugal Duarte I King Of PORTUGAL Descendancy chart to this point (1.John1) was born on 31 Oct 1391; died on 18 Sep 1438; was buried in Alcobaca.

    Other Events and Attributes:

    • Name: Edward I Of Portugal
    • Residence: Between 1433 and 1438, King of Portugal

    Notes:

    Wikipedia Encyclopedia:
    Duarte I, King of Portugal KG (Viseu, October 31, 1391 - Tomar, September 13, 1438) (pron. IPA [du'a?t(?)]; Edward, in English), the Philosopher or the Eloquent, the 11th king of Portugal and Algarve and second Lord of Ceuta. He was the son of King Jo„o I of Portugal (John I of Portugal) and his wife, Philippa of Lancaster, a daughter of John of Gaunt.

    As a prince, Edward (Duarte) always followed his father, King Jo„o I, in the affairs of the kingdom. He was knighted in 1415, after the Portuguese captured the city of Ceuta in North Africa, across from Gibraltar. He became king in 1433 when his father died of the plague and he soon showed interest in internal consensus. During his short reign of five years, Duarte called the Cortes (the national assembly) no less than five times to discuss internal affairs and politics. He also followed the politics of his father concerning the maritime exploration of Africa. He encouraged and financed his famous brother, Prince Henry the Navigator who founded a school of maritime navigation at Sagres and who initiated many expeditions. Among these, that of Gil Eanes in 1434 first rounded Cape Bojador on the NW coast of Africa, leading the way for further exploration southward along the African coast.

    The colony at Ceuta rapidly became a drain on the Portuguese treasury and it was realised that without the city of Tangier, possession of Ceuta was worthless. When Ceuta was lost to the Portuguese, the camel caravans that were part of the overland trade routes began to use Tangier as their destination. This deprived Ceuta of the materials and goods that made it an attractive market and a vibrant trading locale, and it became an isolated community.

    In 1437, his brothers, Henry (Henrique) and Fernando, persuaded Duarte to launch an attack on Morocco in order to get a better African base for future Atlantic exploration. The expedition was not unanimously supported: Pedro, Duke of Coimbra and John, duke of Aveiro were both against the initiative; they preferred to avoid conflict with the king of Morocco. They proved to be right. The resulting attack on Tangier was successful, but at a great cost of men. Duarte's youngest brother, Fernando, was captured, kept as a hostage, and he died later in captivity in Fez. Duarte died soon after the Tangier attack of the plague, like his father and mother (and her mother) before him.

    Another less political side of Duarte's personality is related to culture. A reflective and scholarly prince, he wrote the treatises O Leal Conselheiro (The Loyal Counsellor) and Livro Da Ensinanca De Bem Cavalgar Toda Sela (The Art of Riding on Every Saddle) as well as several poems. He was in the process of revising the Portuguese law code when he died.

    Duarte married Queen of Portugal Leonor Of ARAGON on 22 Sep 1428. Leonor (daughter of Ferdinand I The Just King Of ARAGON and Eleanor Of ALBUQUERQUE) was born in 1402; died on 19 Feb 1445 in Toledo. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 15. Catharina Of PORTUGAL  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 26 Nov 1436 in Lisbon; died on 12 Jun 1463.
    2. 16. Duarte Of PORTUGAL  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 12 Jul 1435; died on 12 Jul 1435.
    3. 17. Maria Of PORTUGAL  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 07 Dec 1432; died on 08 Dec 1432.
    4. 18. Philip Of PORTUGAL  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 27 Nov 1430; died on 24 Mar 1439 in young.
    5. 19. Joao Prince Of PORTUGAL  Descendancy chart to this point was born in Oct 1429; died on 14 Aug 1433.
    6. 20. Ferdinand Duke Of VIZEU  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 17 Nov 1433 in Almeirim; died on 18 Sep 1470.
    7. 21. Alfonso V King Of PORTUGAL  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 15 Jan 1432 in Cintra; died between 24 and 28 Aug 1481 in Cintra; was buried in Batalha.
    8. 22. Eleonora Of PORTUGAL  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 18 Sep 1434; died on 01 Sep 1467.
    9. 23. Joanna Of PORTUGAL  Descendancy chart to this point was born in Mar 1439; died between 17 Jan and 13 Jun 1475 in Madrid, Spain.

    Family/Spouse: Joana Manuel DE VILHENA. Joana was born about 1395. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 24. Joao Manuel Of PORTUGAL  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1416; died in 1476.

  6. 7.  Isabel Of PORTUGAL Descendancy chart to this point (1.John1) was born in 1397; died on 17 Dec 1472.

    Isabel married Philip III The Good Duke Of BURGUNDY between 10 Jan 1429 and 1430. Philip (son of John The Fearless Duke Of BURGUNDY and Margaret Of BAVARIA) was born in 1396; died on 15 Jun 1467. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 25. Cataharin Of BURGUNDY  Descendancy chart to this point
    2. 26. Mary Of BURGUNDY  Descendancy chart to this point
    3. 27. Cornelia Of BURGUNDY  Descendancy chart to this point
    4. 28. Charles I The Bold Duke Of BURGUNDY  Descendancy chart to this point was born on 10 Nov 1433; died on 05 Jan 1477 in Killed - Battle of Nancy; was buried in St. George's Church, Nancy.
    5. 29. John Of BURGUNDY  Descendancy chart to this point

  7. 8.  Pedro Duke Of COIMBRA Descendancy chart to this point (1.John1) was born in 1392; died in 1449.

    Pedro married Isabel Of URGEL in 1428. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

    Children:
    1. 30. James Of COIMBRA  Descendancy chart to this point died on 27 Aug 1459.
    2. 31. Philippa COIMBRA  Descendancy chart to this point
    3. 32. Peter Of COIMBRA  Descendancy chart to this point died on 30 Jun 1466.
    4. 33. Beatrix Of COIMBRA  Descendancy chart to this point
    5. 34. John Duke Of COIMBRA  Descendancy chart to this point died in 1457.
    6. 35. Isabel Of COIMBRA  Descendancy chart to this point was born in 1432; died on 02 Dec 1455 in Evora; was buried in Batalha.

  8. 9.  Prince Henry The NAVIGATOR Descendancy chart to this point (1.John1) was born in 1394; died in 1460.

    Other Events and Attributes:

    • Residence: Grand Master of the Order of Christ
    • Residence: Duke of Vizen


  9. 10.  Beatrice Of PORTUGAL Descendancy chart to this point (1.John1)

    Beatrice married Thomas FITZ ALAN on 26 Nov 1405 in Lambeth. Thomas (son of Richard FITZ ALAN and Elizabeth DE BOHUN) was born on 13 Oct 1381 in Arundel, Essex, England; died on 13 Oct 1415; was buried in Chapel of Arundel, Sussex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]
  

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