Isabella Princess Of FRANCE

Other Events and Attributes:

• Also Known As: "the Lion"
• Name: Louis VIII The Lion
• Birth: 05 Sep 1187, Paris, France
• Fact: Between 1223 and 1226, King of France
• Crowned: 06 Aug 1223, Rheims

Louis married Blanche Of CASTILE on 23 May 1200 in Near Pont-Audemer, Normandy. Blanche (daughter of Alfonso VIII "the Good" and Alianor Of ENGLAND) was born before 04 Mar 1188 in Chateau De Palencia, Valencia, Almohadi, Spain; died on 27 Nov 1252 in Palais Du Louvre, Paris, France; was buried in Abbaye De Maubuisson, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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• Also Known As: Princess of Castile

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• Also Known As: Count of Artois
• Fact: Crusader
• Crowned: 01 Nov 1179, Rheims
• Fact: 1180-1223, King of France

Philippe married Isabelle Of HAINAULT on 28 Apr 1180 in Bapaume, Pas-de-Calais, France. Isabelle (daughter of Baldwin V and Marguerite Of LORRAINE) was born in Apr 1170 in Valenciennes, Flandres; died on 15 Mar 1190 in Paris, Isle De France, France; was buried in Notre Dame De Paris, Paris, Isle De France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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• Also Known As: "The Noble"
• Fact: The victor of Los Navas de Tolosa
• Name: Alfonso IX King Of Castile
• Fact: Between 1158 and 1214, Reigned
• Fact: Between 1158 and 1214, King of Castile, Toledo and Extramadura

Alfonso married Alianor Of ENGLAND in 1170 in Burgos. Alianor (daughter of Henry II 'Curtmantle' King Of ENGLAND and Eleanor Of AQUITAINE) was born on 13 Oct 1162 in Domfront, Normandie; died on 31 Oct 1214 in Las Huelgas, Burgos, Burgos, Spain; was buried in Monastery of Las Huelgas. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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• Also Known As: "the Young"
• Crowned: 25 Oct 1131, Rheims
• Reigned: Between 1137 and 1180
• Crowned: 25 Dec 1137, Bourges
• Fact: Between 1170 and 1180, King of France

Louis married Alix Of CHAMPAGNE on 13 Nov 1160. Alix (daughter of Thibaut IV and Mathilde Of CARINTHIA) was born about 1140 in Blois, France; died between 04 and 24 Jun 1206 in Paris, Isle De France; was buried in Abbey Of Pontigny in Burgundy. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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• Also Known As: Adelaide

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• Also Known As: Baudouin V Count of Flanders and Hainault
• Fact: Count of Hainaut and Namur

Baldwin married Marguerite Of LORRAINE in Apr 1169. Marguerite (daughter of Thierry I Of LORRAINE and Sybil Of ANJOU) was born about 1140; died on 17 Dec 1194/5. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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• Name: Margaret Of Flanders
• Birth: Abt 1148, Alsace, France
• Death: 15 Nov 1194

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• Also Known As: King of Castile
• Also Known As: "The Desired"

Sancho married Blanche Of NAVARRE on 30 Jan 1151 in Logera or Calaharra, Spain. Blanche (daughter of Garcia VII and Marguerite DE L'AIGLE) was born after 1134 in Pamplona, Navarra; died on 12 Aug 1156. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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• Also Known As: Sancha

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• Also Known As: Henry II Curt mantel Plantagenet
• Fact: Count of Maine and Anjou
• Fact: Reigned until 1189
• Name: Henry Of Anjou
• Name: II Henry
• Birth: 25 Mar 1133
• Fact: Between 1154 and 1189, King of England
• Crowned: 19 Dec 1154, Westminster Abbey

Notes:

Henry was crowned December 19, 1154 at Westminster Abbey. He was called Curtmantle because of the short capes he preferred over the stylish longer capes.

Name:
He became Duc de Normandie et du Maine, and Comte d'Anjou by inheritance from his mother and father. By his marriage to Eleanore of Aquitaine, Henry acquired the duchy of Aquitaine together with Gascony, Poitou and Auvergne. By the Treaty of Winchester in 1153 Henry was recognised as King Stephen's heir. He reached England on 8 Dec 1154, and crowned King of England on 19 Dec 1154, with direct rule over England and southern Wales, and a claim to the overlordship of northern Wales. His domain of England, Wales, and the French lands acquired from inheritance and marriage (ruled as separate components), was termed the 'Angevin empire' (as his father was Cote d'Anjou). The overlord of his French lands, the king of France, had directed control of a much smaller domain than henry himself. In 1171 Henry annexed Ireland though controlling the eastern part only. He had little difficulty in curbing the disorder of Stephen's reign and restoring the royal authority. He encouraged the development of juries of presentment of local men in the investigation of crimes, and trial of those accused by royal justices. His writs to sheriffs improved the disposition of claims over possession of property and benefices thereby discouraging local self-help violent ejection and usurpation. By relying on financial and legal experts and a permanent court at Westminster he fostered the establishment of those two professions and the replacement of Roman law by English common law. Henry's reassertion of the king's rights over the church, in particular that clerics were subject to his courts and not solely to ecclesiastical courts, led to the quarrel with his former chancellor Thomas Becket, who, as Archbishop of Canterbury, was murdered in his cathedral at Henry's instigation in 1170. Henry spent much of his reign in France, upholding his authority in his numerous lordships and attempting to extend his rule. There he encountered the hostility of the French kings, who encouraged the grievances of his quarrelsome sons. Henry II of England, King of England, died at Chinon in Normandy on 8 July 1189 in the midst of a rebellion by his sons. They were buried at Fontevralt Abbey in Anjou, where their tomb effigies may be seen.

The Plantagenets
1154-1399

The surname of this remarkable family derives from the nickname borne of Geoffrey, Count of Anjou, between 1129 and 1251. Geoffrey, the father of Henry II, wore a spring of flowering broom (Planta genista) as his personal badge.

The first Plantagenet king of England was Henry II, and he is generally regarded as the greatest of them. Thirteen more kings followed him in a dynasty that ruled for 331 years, although for the last 86 years, rival families within the dynasty struggling to seize the crown took the names of Lancaster and York, even though all were Plantagenets. for much of this long period, the kings were involved in costly and largely unproductive wars with France and Scotland, and in power struggles with the over-mighty barons at home. As a dynasty, the Plantagenets made their greatest contribution in the development of English law, especially the unique Common Law, and by sponsoring a splendid architectural heritage.

Henry's succession in 1154 made him lord of a vast empire, and he was equipped with all the intellectual and physical qualities to rule it well. Henry began by destroying the castles built by rebellious barons during Stephen's reign, and then set about regulating the power of the Church. Although the latter years of his reign were plagues by family revolts, his vast empire was still intact when he died in 1189.

When Henry I became King of England in 1154 he was already Count of Anjou and of Touraine, andDuke of Normandy and of Aquitaine. As such, he was lord of an empire that stretched from the Cheviot Hills down to the Pyrenees, his territories in France exceeding even those of the French king. Known as the Angevin Empire (because the country of Anjou lay at its heart), this vast domain was held together by diplomacy and force of arms, and remained intact up to the death of Richard I in 1199.

In 1164 Henry se out various Church reforms in the Constitutions of Clarendon. These included the proposal that the clergy or others associated with the Church, if charged with a criminal offence, should be tried in the civil courts, and tat no appeal could be made to rome without the Kings consent. Despite fierce opposition from the Church, these reforms were adopted. The King quarreled with Thomas a Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury, over the new laws and, although the two men were reconciled, they again quarreled in 1170. In exasperation, henry cried out: 'Will not someone rid me of this turbulent priest?' Four of Henry's knights responded to the King's outburst and set off for Canterbury, where they pursued the archbishop into his cathedral and murdered him in front of the altar.

Henry married Eleanor Of AQUITAINE on 18 May 1152 in Bordeaux, France. Eleanor (daughter of William X Duke Of AQUITAINE and Eleanor DE CHATELLERAULT) was born about 1122 in Chateau De Belin, Bordeaux, Aquitaine; died on 31 Mar 1204 in Poiters, Poitou, Aquitaine; was buried in Abbeye De Fontevrault, Fontevrault, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Also Known As: Eleanor Of Aquitaine
• Name: Eleanor Aquatine
• Crowned: Between 17 and 19 Dec 1154, Queen of England at Westminster Abbey
• Crowned: 25 Dec 1137, Queen of France at Bourges

Notes:

Eleanor was crowned with her husband on December 19, 1154 at Westminster Abbey.