Maria Of CASTILE

Other Events and Attributes:

• Also Known As: Maria Of Leon

Family/Spouse: Alfonso V King Of ARAGON. Alfonso (son of Ferdinand I The Just King Of ARAGON and Eleanor Of ALBUQUERQUE) was born in 1396; died on 27 Jun 1458. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Also Known As: Enrique III of Castile
• Residence: King of Castile and Leon

Notes:

Wikipedia Encyclopedia
Henry III (October 4, 1379?1406), sometimes known as Henry the Sufferer or Henry the Infirm (Spanish: Enrique el Doliente) was the son of John I and succeeded him as King of Castile and LeÛn in 1390.

Henry was born in Burgos, the capital of Castile. Before becoming king, he was known by the title Prince of Asturias, designating him as the heir apparent. After succeeding to the throne at 11, Henry took power at 14. He was able to pacify the nobility and restore royal power. During his reign, the Castilian fleet won several victories against the English; Henry sent a naval fleet in 1400 that destroyed TÈtouan in North Africa, a pirate base. In 1402, Henry began the colonization of the Canary Islands, sending French explorer Jean de BÈthencourt. He also sent envoys to Timur.

In 1388, Henry married Katherine of Lancaster (Catalina de Lancaster; 1372?1418), the daughter of John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster and Gaunt's second wife, Constance of Castile, who was the elder daughter of Pedro of Castile. This ended a dynastic conflict and solidified the House of Trastamara. Henry and Catherine's son became John II of Castile, who succeeded Henry when he died in Toledo, Catherine acting as Regent of Castile because John II was then underage.

Henry married Katherine Of LANCASTER between 1388 and 1393. Katherine (daughter of John Of GAUNT and Constance Of CASTILE) was born in 1372/3 in Hertford; died on 02 Jun 1418; was buried in Toledo. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Katherine of Lancaster (also known as Catherine Plantagenet and as Queen Catalina of Castile and Leon) (1372/1373 ? 2 June 1418) was the daughter of John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, and his second wife, Constance of Castile.

She married Enrique III of Castile in 1393 at Burgos. As her mother was daughter of Pedro of Castile, the marriage helped to restore a semblance of legitimacy to the Trastamara line.

The couple had three children:

Maria of Castile (1401-1458), who married Alfonso V "the Magnanimous", King of Aragon and Naples,
Catharina of Castile, who wed Enrique of AragÛn, Duque de Villena,
Juan II (1405-1454), who succeeded his father as King of Castile . His mother Katherine and his uncle, Ferdinand, served as co-regents during his minority, and Katherine alone was regent after Ferdinand's death in 1416.
Queen Catalina died at Valladolid of a stroke, possibly precipitated by her great obesity, leaving her thirteen year-old son at the mercy of self-interested courtiers.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Also Known As: Juan I King of Leon

Juan married Eleonor Of ARAGON. Eleonor (daughter of Peter IV King Of ARAGON and Elionor Of SICILY) was born on 20 Jan 1358; died on 13 Aug 1382. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Fact: John Plantagenet
• Fact: Knight of the Garter
• Fact: Prince of England
• Fact: 2nd Duke of Lancaster
• Fact: 5th Earl of Lancaster, Derby, Lincoln, and Leicester
• Fact: 20 Sep 1342, Earl of Richmond
• Fact: 13 Nov 1362, Duke Of Lancaster
• Fact: Sep 1371, Titular King of Castile and Leon
• Fact: 2 Mar 1390, Duke of Aquitaine

Notes:

[Hulett FTW from MC Scott.FTW]

[ingram1.FTW]

http://www.dcs.hull.ac.uk/cgi-bin/gedlkup/n=royal?royal01236
Earl of Richmond. Some say born Jun 1340, but see CP vol.XIV,p.421.Earl of Derby, Lincoln. Duke of Aquitaine. Lord of Beaufort & Nogent.Burke says he died at Ely House, Holborn King of Castile & Leon. Lord of Bergerac & Roche-sur-Yon. The Complete Peerage vol.VII,pp.410-416 & vol.XIV,p.421.

John of Lancaster (f Gaunt), Duke of Lancaster, fourth son, was married for the third time at Lincoln Cathedral on 13 Jan. 1395/6 to Katherine De Roet, widow of Hugh Swynford, Knt., of Coleby and Ketelthorpe, co., Lincoln. (died 1372), and younger daughter and co-heiress of Pain de Roet, Knt., Guienne King of Arms, a Hainaulter, and one of the knights of Queen Philippe's household. She was born probably in Hainault, about 1350 and had formerly been the governess to his daughters, and then his mistress, and by her he had children, born before marriage. The marriage was ratified and confirmed during the Great Schism by the Roman pope, Boniface IX. Their three sons were legitimised, with the assent of parliament, on 9 Feb. 1396/7, the patent confirmed by King Henry IV of 10 Feb. 1406/7, but with a saving clause barring them from succession to the throne. Their children were given the name Beaufort from their father's (lost) castle in Champagne which had devolved on him through his first wife, Blanche of Lancaster, a descendant of Blanche d'Artois who had purchased the lordship of Beaufort in 1270.

Name:
He was created Earl of Richmond on 20 Sep 1342. He was created Duke of Lancaster on 13 Nov 1362 in consequence of the marriage, and was ancestor of the Lancastrian Kings of England. In her right (Constance De Castille) John assumed in September 1371 the title of King of Castille and Leon. From 1376 until his death his diplomatic and military services in France and Guienne, and in Scotland, and his Spanish expedition (1386-88) formed interludes in the factious life of politics in which, as eldest uncle of King Richard II and his chief subject, he was involved. He was created Duke of Aquitaine on 2 Mar 1390.

John married Constance Of CASTILE in Sep 1371 in Roquefort, Guienne, or St. Andrew. Constance (daughter of Peter IPedro I The Cruel Of CASTILE and Maria DE PADILLA) was born in 1354 in Castro Kerez; died on 24 Mar 1394. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Henry of Trastamara (January 13, 1334 Sevilla - May 29, 1379 Santo Domingo de la Calzada) (Enrique de Trast·mara), was the illegitimate son of Alfonso XI of Castile and Eleanor of Guzman, and half brother to Pedro of Castile the Cruel (or the Lawful, depending on who wrote the history). He became Henry II of Castile (Enrique II de Castilla) after defeating and killing Pedro in the Castilian Civil War (1366-1369).

As head of a band of mercenaries, and with the aid of Bertrand du Guesclin, he drove Pedro from his throne in 1366. He was, however, defeated the next year at the Battle of N·jera (Navarette), and Pedro was restored. Henry defeated Pedro at the Battle of Montiel and then murdered him in 1369. Henry then went to war against Portugal and England in the Hundred Years' War. For most of his reign he had to fight off the attempts of John of Gaunt, a son of Edward III of England, to claim the Castilian throne in right of his second wife, Pedro's daughter.

Henry married Juana Manuel, daughter of Juan Manuel of Castile, head of a younger branch of the royal house of Castile. Their son was John I of Castile.

Henry was the first nobleman to use Anti-Semitism as a political tool in Spain. This led to an end to the convivencia, and a period of riots and pogroms, and can be seen as sowing the seeds of the persecution of the Jews by the Spanish Inquisition, beginning a hundred years later.

Henry married Juana Manuel Of CASTILE. Juana (daughter of Juan Manuel Of CASTILE and Blanca Nunez De Lara DE LA CERDA) was born in 1339; died on 27 Mar 1381. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Also Known As: Pedro Of Aragon

Notes:

Wikipedia Encyclopedia:
Peter IV of Aragon (September 1319 - 5 January 1387), king of Aragon (1336-1387), the Ceremonious or el del punyalet (the one of the little dagger ). He deposed James III of Majorca and rejoined the Balearic Islands and Roussillon under the crown of Aragon. He wrote the Chronicle of his name.

He found himself facing a rebellion among the nobles which would fail after he defeated the nobles in the Battle of Epila in 1348.

In 1356, he engaged with Peter I of Castile in what was called the "War of the Two Peters". It ended in 1375 with the Treaty of Almaz·n, without a winner due to the Black Death and several natural disasters.

Throughout his reign, Peter IV had frequent conflicts with the inquisitor general of Aragon, Nicolau Aymerich.

During his reign, the Generalitat was instituted in the Courts of 1358-1359.

He conquered Sicily in 1377 but the posession was given to his son Martin.

Peter married Elionor Of SICILY. Elionor was born in 1325; died in 1375. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Fact: Daughter of Peter II of Sicily

Other Events and Attributes:

• Burial: Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England
• Fact: Between 1327 and 1377, King of England
• Crowned: 02 Feb 1327, Westminster Abbey
• Death: 21 Jun 1377, Shene Palace, Surrey, England

Notes:

[Hulett FTW from MC Scott.FTW]

[ingram1.FTW]

http://www.dcs.hull.ac.uk/cgi-bin/gedlkup/n=royal?royal01229
Reigned 1327-1377. Edward assumed effective power in 1330 after imprisoning his mother and executing her lover Roger de Mortimer who had murdered his father; therafter his reign was dominated by military adventures. His victory in Scotland, especially at Haildon Hill 1333 encouraged him to plan (1363) the union of England and Scotland. Through his mother he claimed the French throne thus starting (1337) the Hundred years war. His son John of Gaunt dominated the government during his last years. Died of a Stroke.

Name:
Edward III of England, King of England, Lord of Ireland, Duc d'Aguitaine, Earl of Chester, was born at Windsor Castle, co. Berks, on 13 Nov. 1312. He succeeded his father as from 24 Jan 1326/7, and was crowned aged fifteen at Westminster Abbey on 29 Jan 1326/7. During his first four years of his reign England was governed in his name by his mother and Roger Mortimer. Edward assumed personal rule on 19-20 Oct 1330, and had Mortimer executed. In 1333 he reversed Isabelle's and Mortimer's policy of peace with Scotland by invading it, reviving the ambitions of his grandfather King Edward I. Edward III's main foreign preoccupation, however, from 1337 onwards was France, whose king, Philippe VI, then declared his Ducy of Gascony forfeited. Edward formally assumed the title ensued with some respite from truces. The financial burden of the war roused resentment which was assuaged somewhat when Edward negotiated the main war taxes with the representatives of the shires and the borough communities sitting in parliament. He aroused enthusiasm for the war by engaging the chivalrous interests of the nobles in it and stirring up distrust and hatred of the French. Edward won the battle of Sluys in Flanders in June 1340. Bubonic plague (the Black Death) made its first appearance in England during his reign in 1348. His son Edward 'the Black Prince' captured the French king, Jean II, in his victory at Poitiers in 1356. In 1360 Jean the Duchy of Aquitaine in full sovereignty. The gains won by English armed forces however could not be sustained in the face of sustained French resources. In the war of 1369-75 Jean's son Charles V won back from Edward what had been conceded in 1360. By the tie of his death he had been discredited. His wife and consort died at Windsor Castle on 15 Aug 1369. Edward III of England, King of England, died at Sheen Palace, Richmond, Surrey, on 21 June 1377. They were buried at Westminster Abbey. The descendants of their sons, Lionel of Clarence, John of Lancaster, and Edmund of York, contested the Throne for generations ending the Wars of the Roses from 1455 to 1485.

Edward ruled for 50 years, reign dominated by the 100 Years' War with France. Edward's principal aim was to unite the nobility into a cohesive class of public servants, motivated by chivalry, enriched by the wealth he enabled them to win, and tied to the crown through marriage to his relatives.

Tall and handsome, with gold-red hair, Edward was a flamboyant affable, and generous man. He excelled in the knightly arts, and loved hunting and falconry. He was much loved by his people.

Edward married Philippa Of HAINAULT on 24 Jan 1328 in York Minster, York, Yorkshire, England. Philippa (daughter of William III and Jeanne Of VALOIS) was born on 24 Jun 1311 in Valenciennes; died on 15 Aug 1369 in Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England; was buried in Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Crowned: 18 Feb 1330, Westminster Abbey
• Death: 14 Aug 1369, Windsor Castle

Peter married Maria DE PADILLA. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]