Edward of Portugal Duarte I King Of PORTUGAL

Male 1391 - 1438  (46 years)


Personal Information    |    Sources    |    Event Map    |    All    |    PDF

  • Name Duarte I King Of PORTUGAL  [1, 2
    Title Edward of Portugal 
    Birth 31 Oct 1391  [1
    Gender Male 
    Name Edward I Of Portugal  [1
    Residence Between 1433 and 1438  King of Portugal Find all individuals with events at this location  [1
    Death 18 Sep 1438  [1
    Burial Alcobaca Find all individuals with events at this location  [1
    Notes 
    • Wikipedia Encyclopedia:
      Duarte I, King of Portugal KG (Viseu, October 31, 1391 - Tomar, September 13, 1438) (pron. IPA [du'a?t(?)]; Edward, in English), the Philosopher or the Eloquent, the 11th king of Portugal and Algarve and second Lord of Ceuta. He was the son of King Jo„o I of Portugal (John I of Portugal) and his wife, Philippa of Lancaster, a daughter of John of Gaunt.

      As a prince, Edward (Duarte) always followed his father, King Jo„o I, in the affairs of the kingdom. He was knighted in 1415, after the Portuguese captured the city of Ceuta in North Africa, across from Gibraltar. He became king in 1433 when his father died of the plague and he soon showed interest in internal consensus. During his short reign of five years, Duarte called the Cortes (the national assembly) no less than five times to discuss internal affairs and politics. He also followed the politics of his father concerning the maritime exploration of Africa. He encouraged and financed his famous brother, Prince Henry the Navigator who founded a school of maritime navigation at Sagres and who initiated many expeditions. Among these, that of Gil Eanes in 1434 first rounded Cape Bojador on the NW coast of Africa, leading the way for further exploration southward along the African coast.

      The colony at Ceuta rapidly became a drain on the Portuguese treasury and it was realised that without the city of Tangier, possession of Ceuta was worthless. When Ceuta was lost to the Portuguese, the camel caravans that were part of the overland trade routes began to use Tangier as their destination. This deprived Ceuta of the materials and goods that made it an attractive market and a vibrant trading locale, and it became an isolated community.

      In 1437, his brothers, Henry (Henrique) and Fernando, persuaded Duarte to launch an attack on Morocco in order to get a better African base for future Atlantic exploration. The expedition was not unanimously supported: Pedro, Duke of Coimbra and John, duke of Aveiro were both against the initiative; they preferred to avoid conflict with the king of Morocco. They proved to be right. The resulting attack on Tangier was successful, but at a great cost of men. Duarte's youngest brother, Fernando, was captured, kept as a hostage, and he died later in captivity in Fez. Duarte died soon after the Tangier attack of the plague, like his father and mother (and her mother) before him.

      Another less political side of Duarte's personality is related to culture. A reflective and scholarly prince, he wrote the treatises O Leal Conselheiro (The Loyal Counsellor) and Livro Da Ensinanca De Bem Cavalgar Toda Sela (The Art of Riding on Every Saddle) as well as several poems. He was in the process of revising the Portuguese law code when he died.
    Person ID I44975  Main Tree

    Father John I King Of PORTUGAL,   b. 11 Apr 1358   d. 14 Aug 1433, Lisbon Find all individuals with events at this location (Age 75 years) 
    Relationship Natural 
    Mother Philippa Of LANCASTER,   b. 31 Mar 1360, Leicester Find all individuals with events at this locationd. 19 Jul 1415, Odivelas, near Lisbon Find all individuals with events at this location (Age 55 years) 
    Relationship Natural 
    Marriage Between 02 and 11 Feb 1387  Oporto Find all individuals with events at this location  [1
    Family ID F06914  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

    Family 1 Queen of Portugal Leonor Of ARAGON,   b. 1402   d. 19 Feb 1445, Toledo Find all individuals with events at this location (Age 43 years) 
    Marriage 22 Sep 1428  [1, 2
    Children 
     1. Catharina Of PORTUGAL,   b. 26 Nov 1436, Lisbon Find all individuals with events at this locationd. 12 Jun 1463 (Age 26 years)  [Natural]
     2. Duarte Of PORTUGAL,   b. 12 Jul 1435   d. 12 Jul 1435 (Age 0 years)  [Natural]
     3. Maria Of PORTUGAL,   b. 07 Dec 1432   d. 08 Dec 1432 (Age 0 years)  [Natural]
     4. Philip Of PORTUGAL,   b. 27 Nov 1430   d. 24 Mar 1439, young Find all individuals with events at this location (Age 8 years)  [Natural]
     5. Joao Prince Of PORTUGAL,   b. Oct 1429   d. 14 Aug 1433 (Age 3 years)  [Natural]
     6. Ferdinand Duke Of VIZEU,   b. 17 Nov 1433, Almeirim Find all individuals with events at this locationd. 18 Sep 1470 (Age 36 years)  [Natural]
     7. Alfonso V King Of PORTUGAL,   b. 15 Jan 1432, Cintra Find all individuals with events at this locationd. Between 24 and 28 Aug 1481, Cintra Find all individuals with events at this location  [Birth]
     8. Eleonora Of PORTUGAL,   b. 18 Sep 1434   d. 01 Sep 1467 (Age 32 years)  [Natural]
     9. Joanna Of PORTUGAL,   b. Mar 1439   d. Between 17 Jan and 13 Jun 1475, Madrid, Spain Find all individuals with events at this location  [Natural]
    Family ID F07036  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

    Family 2 Joana Manuel DE VILHENA,   b. Abt 1395 
    Children 
     1. Joao Manuel Of PORTUGAL,   b. 1416   d. 1476 (Age 60 years)  [Natural]
    Family ID F17437  Group Sheet  |  Family Chart

  • Event Map
    Link to Google MapsResidence - Between 1433 and 1438 - King of Portugal Link to Google Earth
    Link to Google MapsBurial - - Alcobaca Link to Google Earth
     = Link to Google Earth 

  • Sources 
    1. [S01910] Blood Royal, Issue of the Kings and Queens of Medieval England 1066-1399 by. T. Anna Leese.

    2. [S03581] Wikipedia Encyclopedia.