Excerpt from "Royality for Commoners": the last of the Susanid dynasty; too young to actually rule; country torn by civil war; Arab invasion began 633 and Persians overwhelmed by Arabs in battle of Kadisiya (637) and Neharend (abat. 641); fled to Media; murdered at Marv (651). His assention date, June 16, 632, marks the beginning of the Jalalean era and is still used in the calendar of Parsis.